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ping 0xCAFECAFE and shortening IPv4 addresses

Today will be about two little-known features related to IPv4 and ways of writing IPv4 addresses.

Let us start from the end of the title: shortened IPv4 notation. In IPv6 we can omit a sequence of zeros; something similar can also be done in IPv4. For example, by running:

ping 10.2

we query the address 10.0.0.2, and:

ping 10.1.2

queries 10.1.0.2, exactly as in the screenshot below.

IPv4 address shortening and alternative notations.

While writing this, I am wondering whether this really is a feature… especially since I discovered it because of a bug in a script…

And the second “feature”: hexadecimal notation for IPv4 addresses. I wonder what happens if we try to run:

ping 0xCAFECAFE

;-))))

And the third ?feature?… unfortunately I was not able to make this one work: octal notation. In theory, according to the RFCs, IPv4 addresses can also be provided in octal form… but it seems Windows no longer respects that notation.

Ping in Excel?

Sometimes in the life of an admin or auditor there is a need to prepare a list of IP addresses used in a network. For some reason, this is often accompanied by a request to deliver the report in Excel.

So what if we taught Excel how to check whether a given IP address is ?alive??

That is how a short VBS module was created, adding two ping functions to Excel. They return TRUE or FALSE depending on whether they receive a response to the ping command.

Screen z Excel

The module contains two functions: PING_HOST and PING_Volatile.

PING_HOST

It takes a server IP address as an argument and returns a Boolean value. Recalculation / execution of the ping command happens when the function argument (the IP address) changes, or when recalculation is forced with Ctrl+Alt+Shift+F9.

PING_Volatile

It takes a server IP address as an argument and returns a Boolean value. Recalculation / execution of the ping command happens when the function argument (the IP address) changes, or when any other cell changes.

Tested in Excel 2016.

File with the module and the example from the screenshot above: : Ping w Excelu

Autologon…

Whenever I wanted to configure autologon for an account with a password, I used registry entries or a script. And here comes a surprise… it can be done from the GUI.

All you need to do:

1. Click Start, type netplwiz, and then press Enter.
2. In the User Accounts dialog box, click the account you want to automatically log on to. If it is available, clear the Users Must Enter A User Name And Password To Use This Computer check box.
3. Click OK.
4. In the Automatically Log On dialog box, enter the user?s password twice and click OK.

The next time you restart the computer, it will automatically log on with the local user account you selected. Configuring automatic logon stores the user?s password in the registry unencrypted, where someone might be able to retrieve it.

…you learn something new your whole life…

More: https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee872306.aspx

Microsoft Patches 10/2016

Microsoft starts to provide ‘update bundles’…

Critical and Security Updates
Update for Windows 7 (KB3177467)
Install this update to resolve issues in Windows. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article for more information. After you install this item, you may have to restart your computer.
Update for Windows 7 for x64-based Systems (KB3177467)
Install this update to resolve issues in Windows. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article for more information. After you install this item, you may have to restart your computer.
October, 2016 Security Only Update for .NET Framework 3.5.1 on Windows 7 SP1 and Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 for x64 (KB3188730)
A security issue has been identified in a Microsoft software product that could affect your system. You can help protect your system by installing this update from Microsoft. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article. After you install this update, you may have to restart your system.
October, 2016 Security Only Update for .NET Framework 3.5.1 on Windows 7 SP1 (KB3188730)
A security issue has been identified in a Microsoft software product that could affect your system. You can help protect your system by installing this update from Microsoft. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article. After you install this update, you may have to restart your system.
October, 2016 Security and Quality Rollup for .NET Framework 3.5.1 on Windows 7 SP1 and Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 for x64 (KB3188740)
A security issue has been identified in a Microsoft software product that could affect your system. You can help protect your system by installing this update from Microsoft. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article. After you install this update, you may have to restart your system.
October, 2016 Security and Quality Rollup for .NET Framework 3.5.1 on Windows 7 SP1 (KB3188740)
A security issue has been identified in a Microsoft software product that could affect your system. You can help protect your system by installing this update from Microsoft. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article. After you install this update, you may have to restart your system.
October, 2016 Security Monthly Quality Rollup for Windows 7 for x64-based Systems (KB3185330)
A security issue has been identified in a Microsoft software product that could affect your system. You can help protect your system by installing this update from Microsoft. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article. After you install this update, you may have to restart your system.
October, 2016 Security Monthly Quality Rollup for Windows 7 (KB3185330)
A security issue has been identified in a Microsoft software product that could affect your system. You can help protect your system by installing this update from Microsoft. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article. After you install this update, you may have to restart your system.
Security Update for Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010 (KB3118377)
A security vulnerability exists in Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010 that could allow arbitrary code to run when a maliciously modified file is opened. This update resolves that vulnerability.
Security Update for Microsoft Office 2010 (KB3118317) 32-Bit Edition
A security vulnerability exists in Microsoft Office 2010 32-Bit Edition that could allow arbitrary code to run when a maliciously modified file is opened. This update resolves that vulnerability.
Security Update for Microsoft Word 2010 (KB3118312) 64-Bit Edition
A security vulnerability exists in Microsoft Word 2010 64-Bit Edition that could allow arbitrary code to run when a maliciously modified file is opened. This update resolves that vulnerability.
Security Update for Microsoft Silverlight (KB3193713)
This security update to Silverlight includes fixes outlined in KB 3193713. This update is backward compatible with web applications built using previous versions of Silverlight.
Security Update for Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010 (KB3118377) farm-deployment
A security vulnerability exists in Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010 that could allow arbitrary code to run when a maliciously modified file is opened. This update resolves that vulnerability.
Security Update for Lync 2010 X86 (KB3188397)
A security issue has been identified in a Microsoft Lync software product that could affect your system. You can help protect your system by installing this update from Microsoft. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article. After you install this update, you may have to restart your system.
Security Update for Lync 2010 X64 (KB3188397)
A security issue has been identified in a Microsoft Lync software product that could affect your system. You can help protect your system by installing this update from Microsoft. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article. After you install this update, you may have to restart your system.
Security Update for Microsoft Office 2010 (KB3118311) 64-Bit Edition
A security vulnerability exists in Microsoft Office 2010 64-Bit Edition that could allow arbitrary code to run when a maliciously modified file is opened. This update resolves that vulnerability.
Security Update for Microsoft Web Applications (KB3118384)
A security vulnerability exists in Microsoft Web Applications that could allow arbitrary code to run when a maliciously modified file is opened. This update resolves that vulnerability.
Security Update for Lync 2010 Attendee – Administrator level installation (KB3188400)
A security issue has been identified in a Microsoft Lync software product that could affect your system. You can help protect your system by installing this update from Microsoft. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article. After you install this update, you may have to restart your system.
Security Update for Microsoft Office 2010 (KB3118311) 32-Bit Edition
A security vulnerability exists in Microsoft Office 2010 32-Bit Edition that could allow arbitrary code to run when a maliciously modified file is opened. This update resolves that vulnerability.
Security Update for Microsoft Office 2010 (KB3118317) 64-Bit Edition
A security vulnerability exists in Microsoft Office 2010 64-Bit Edition that could allow arbitrary code to run when a maliciously modified file is opened. This update resolves that vulnerability.
Security Update for Microsoft Word 2010 (KB3118312) 32-Bit Edition
A security vulnerability exists in Microsoft Word 2010 32-Bit Edition that could allow arbitrary code to run when a maliciously modified file is opened. This update resolves that vulnerability.
Security Update for Microsoft Web Applications (KB3118384) farm-deployment
A security vulnerability exists in Microsoft Web Applications that could allow arbitrary code to run when a maliciously modified file is opened. This update resolves that vulnerability.
October, 2016 Security Only Quality Update for Windows 7 (KB3192391)
A security issue has been identified in a Microsoft software product that could affect your system. You can help protect your system by installing this update from Microsoft. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article. After you install this update, you may have to restart your system.
October, 2016 Security Only Quality Update for Windows 7 for x64-based Systems (KB3192391)
A security issue has been identified in a Microsoft software product that could affect your system. You can help protect your system by installing this update from Microsoft. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article. After you install this update, you may have to restart your system.
Other Updates
Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool – June 2016 (KB890830)
After the download, this tool runs one time to check your computer for infection by specific, prevalent malicious software (including Blaster, Sasser, and Mydoom) and helps remove any infection that is found. If an infection is found, the tool will display a status report the next time that you start your computer. A new version of the tool will be offered every month. If you want to manually run the tool on your computer, you can download a copy from the Microsoft Download Center, or you can run an online version from microsoft.com. This tool is not a replacement for an antivirus product. To help protect your computer, you should use an antivirus product.
Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool x64 – June 2016 (KB890830)
After the download, this tool runs one time to check your computer for infection by specific, prevalent malicious software (including Blaster, Sasser, and Mydoom) and helps remove any infection that is found. If an infection is found, the tool will display a status report the next time that you start your computer. A new version of the tool will be offered every month. If you want to manually run the tool on your computer, you can download a copy from the Microsoft Download Center, or you can run an online version from microsoft.com. This tool is not a replacement for an antivirus product. To help protect your computer, you should use an antivirus product.
Update for Windows 7 (KB3063109)
Install this update to resolve issues in Windows. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article for more information. After you install this item, you may have to restart your computer.
Update for Windows 7 for x64-based Systems (KB3063109)
Install this update to resolve issues in Windows. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article for more information. After you install this item, you may have to restart your computer.
Update for Windows 7 for x64-based Systems (KB2952664)
Install this update to resolve issues in Windows. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article for more information. After you install this item, you may have to restart your computer.
Update for Windows 7 (KB2952664)
Install this update to resolve issues in Windows. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article for more information. After you install this item, you may have to restart your computer.
Microsoft Silverlight (KB3193713)
Microsoft Silverlight is a Web browser plug-in for Windows and Mac OS X that enables users to experience high quality media and to access rich Internet applications (both in and out of browser) within the browsers’ security model. For video and audio, Silverlight supports various media formats including Windows Media and H.264 up to HD quality. A comprehensive platform for creating rich user experiences, Silverlight includes the .NET framework, is supported by the Visual Studio and Expression tools, and integrates with Microsoft and other internet and server technologies.
Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool x64 – October 2016 (KB890830)
After the download, this tool runs one time to check your computer for infection by specific, prevalent malicious software (including Blaster, Sasser, and Mydoom) and helps remove any infection that is found. If an infection is found, the tool will display a status report the next time that you start your computer. A new version of the tool will be offered every month. If you want to manually run the tool on your computer, you can download a copy from the Microsoft Download Center, or you can run an online version from microsoft.com. This tool is not a replacement for an antivirus product. To help protect your computer, you should use an antivirus product.
Update for Windows 7 (KB2952664)
Install this update to resolve issues in Windows. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article for more information. After you install this item, you may have to restart your computer.
Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool – October 2016 (KB890830)
After the download, this tool runs one time to check your computer for infection by specific, prevalent malicious software (including Blaster, Sasser, and Mydoom) and helps remove any infection that is found. If an infection is found, the tool will display a status report the next time that you start your computer. A new version of the tool will be offered every month. If you want to manually run the tool on your computer, you can download a copy from the Microsoft Download Center, or you can run an online version from microsoft.com. This tool is not a replacement for an antivirus product. To help protect your computer, you should use an antivirus product.
Update for Windows 7 for x64-based Systems (KB2952664)
Install this update to resolve issues in Windows. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article for more information. After you install this item, you may have to restart your computer.
Update for Windows 7 for x64-based Systems (KB3181988)
Install this update to resolve issues in Windows. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article for more information. After you install this item, you may have to restart your computer.
Update for Windows 7 (KB3181988)
Install this update to resolve issues in Windows. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article for more information. After you install this item, you may have to restart your computer.
Update for Windows 7 for x64-based Systems (KB3184143)
Install this update to resolve issues in Windows. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article for more information. After you install this item, you may have to restart your computer.
Update for Windows 7 (KB3184143)
Install this update to resolve issues in Windows. For a complete listing of the issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft Knowledge Base article for more information. After you install this item, you may have to restart your computer.

More: https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/windowsitpro/2016/08/15/further-simplifying-servicing-model-for-windows-7-and-windows-8-1/

Windows XP – what to do?

I thought I would never write about Windows XP again… and yet… I came across a network where there are still quite a few of them and, surprisingly, they are holding up (perhaps thanks to a dozen or so people who keep them under control).

For those who have not read it, I recommend:

https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/WindowsForBusiness/end-of-xp-support

It is clear that not everyone can run to the store and buy several dozen licenses immediately, so what can be done to survive somehow?

  • Limit the privileges of people using the systems to the absolute minimum.
  • Enable firewalls on the machines for both incoming and outgoing connections.
  • Move the computers to a separate subnet where traffic will be strictly monitored.
  • Install all available updates for the operating system and components.
  • Uninstall unused operating system components and unnecessary software.
  • Limit Internet connectivity to the absolute minimum.
  • Use an alternative, current browser.
  • Limit browser use and clear browser cache after every close.
  • If possible, disconnect the computer from the network.
  • Provide a high level of antivirus protection for removable devices, or consider disabling them.
  • Verify that the backup mechanisms in use allow system recovery and activation without connecting to Microsoft servers.
  • Deploy and configure additional security mechanisms, such as Enhanced Mitigation Experience Toolkit.
  • Use application whitelisting mechanisms.
  • Wherever possible, use domain policies to introduce restrictions.
  • Provide additional training for users of these systems: what to do when a virus is detected, how to handle media of unknown origin, and so on.